What are Gastric Polyps?

Gastric Polyps
(A) Gastric polyp (4 cm) (arrow) in a 24-year-old man with PJS (STK11 mutation detected). (B) Gastric polyp in PJS (STK11 mutation detected) showing fine branching smooth muscle bands (arrows) between hyperplastic gastric glands. The classic arborizing histology pattern, seen in the intestinal PJS polyps, is often not seen in stomach polyps. (C) Gastric polyps (arrow) in a 25-year-old man with JPS (SMAD4 mutation detected). (D) Gastric polyp in JPS (SMAD4 mutation detected) showing multiple cystic dilated glands (long arrow) in an edematous, inflamed lamina propria (short arrow). (E) Multiple polyps (arrow) in a 36-year-old man with CS (PTEN mutation detected). (F) Gastric polyp in CS (PTEN mutation detected) showing hyperplastic foveolar epithelium (short arrow)-lined polyp with gastric glands embedded in a heterogeneous stroma, consisting of intercalating bands of smooth muscle (long arrow), lymphoid tissue (double arrow), and variable chronic inflammatory infiltrate. (G) Gastric polyp in CCS showing hyperplastic foveolar epithelium (long arrow)-lined polyp with an edematous, inflamed lamina propria (short arrow) mimicking gastric JPS polyps or hyperplastic polyps. (H) FGPs showing dilated glands lined by parietal cells (long arrow) or mucous cells (short arrow). Gastric Hamartomatous Polyps-Review and Update. Vyas M, Yang X, Zhang X - Clinical medicine insights. Gastroenterology (2016). Not Altered. CC.

Gastric polyps are masses of cells that form on the lining inside your stomach. These polyps are rare and usually don’t cause any signs or symptoms. Stomach polyps are most often discovered when your doctor is examining you for some other reason.

Examples of gastric polyps are: 

  • Inflammatory polyps
  • Fundic gland polyps
  • Hyperplastic polyps
Polyps’ types Etiology Histological changes Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis 
Inflammatory PolypsAge, inflammatory intestinal conditionsInflammation of granulation tissueColonoscopy, BiopsyMedications, Removal of polypsGood 
Fundic Gland PolypsChronic stomach inflammationLarger size of dilated fundic gland cystsEndoscopy  Discontinuing proton pump inhibitors, Removing polypGood 
Hyperplastic PolypsChronic gastritis, H. pylori gastritis, pernicious anemiaCell elongation, accentuation of lateral intercellular interdigitationsColonoscopy, CT scan  Endoscopic procedure, Diet and nutritional changesGood