Anemia of chronic disease is the disorder of the red cell linked to chronic diseases, mostly among hospitalized patient.

What is the Pathology of Anemia of Chronic Disease?

The pathology of anemia of chronic disease is: 

-Etiology: The cause of anemia of chronic disease is depends on the underlying disease which may include chronic immune disorders, chronic microbial infections, and neoplasms.

-Genes involved: None.

-Pathogenesis: The sequence of events that lead to anemia of chronic disease may involve the decrease in renal erythropoietin generation is instigated by the act of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1, and interferon-γ, secretion triggered by the underlying neoplastic or chronic inflammatory disease. Cytokines also arouse hepcidin synthesis in the liver, inhibiting iron release from the storage reserves.

-Morphology: The morphology associated with anemia of chronic disease shows normocytic and normochromic or hypochromic and microcytic red cells.

-Histology: The histology associated with anemia of chronic disease shows incidence of nucleated RBC precursors and/or immature myeloid cells.

How does Anemia of Chronic Disease Present? 

Patients with anemia of chronic disease typically more common in females than males resent at an age range of 20 to 45 years. The symptoms, features, and clinical findings associated with anemia of chronic disease include; the symptom of the underlying condition.

How is Anemia of Chronic Disease Diagnosed? 

Anemia of chronic disease is diagnosed through the clinical presentation, laboratory studies- RBC indices, Full hemogram, reduced reticulocyte count, peripheral blood smear.

How is Anemia of Chronic Disease Treated? 

Anemia of chronic disease is treated through the management of the underlying disease. Medical care such as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, or oral iron products may be helpful.

What is the Prognosis of Anemia of Chronic Disease?

The prognosis of anemia of chronic disease is good. Improve with the administration of erythropoietin and treatment of the underlying condition.