Intracranial Pressure

Traumatic Brain Injuries Pathology Study Guide

Epidural Hematoma An epidural hematoma develops when blood accumulates between the skull and dura mater. Epidural hematomas are usually the result of skull fracture and rupture of a major vessel of the brain. Neurologic symptoms like lucid intervals may come…
Oligodendroglioma

Central Nervous System Tumors Pathology Study Guide

CNS Tumors Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are abnormal growths that involve the central nervous system. Types of central nervous system (CNS) tumors include: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) Meningioma Schwannoma Oligodendroglioma Pilocytic astrocytoma Medulloblastoma Ependymoma Craniopharyngioma Approximately 50 percent of central…
Trauma of the Central Nervous System

Central Nervous System Developmental Pathology Study Guide

Central Nervous System Developmental Anomalies Neural Tube Defects The incomplete closure of the neural tube causes neural tube defects (NTDs). Early in gestation, the neural plate invaginates to create the neural tube, which follows the embryo's cranial-caudal axis. The peripheral…
Hydromyelia

Spinal Cord Pathology Study Guide

Spinal Cord Lesions Spinal cord lesions are pathologic issues that effect the spinal cord. Examples of spinal cord lesions include: Syringomyelia Poliomyelitis Werdnig-Hoffman disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Friedrich ataxia Syringomyelia Syringomyelia is a cyst in the spinal cord. Syringomyelias…
Cerebrovascular Disease

Cerebrovascular Disease Pathology Study Guide

Cerebrovascular Disease Cerebrovascular disease is a significant source of morbidity and mortality due to cerebrovascular impairment and neurologic dysfunction. Cerebrovascular disease is typically the result of: Ischemia (85% of cases) Hemorrhage (15% of cases) Since serum glucose serves as their…
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PATHOLOGY

Meningitis Pathology Study Guide

Meningitis Meningitis is the technical term for inflammation of the leptomeninges. The leptomeninges are made of three layers: Dura mater Arachnoid Pia mater The meninges are located between the brain and the skull. Leptomeninges is the collective word for pia…