Struma ovarii teratomas are specialized or monodermal teratoma predominantly composed of mature thyroid tissue. 

What is the Pathology of Struma Ovarii Teratomas?

The pathology of struma ovarii teratomas is:

-Etiology: The cause of struma ovarii teratomas is unknown.

-Genes involved: BRAF gene.

-Pathogenesis: The sequence of events that lead to struma ovarii teratomas is unknown.

-Morphology: The morphology associated with struma ovarii teratomas shows peritoneal or pleural effusion mass.

-Histology: The histology associated with struma ovarii teratomas shows thyroid microfollicles with a single cell lining, overlapping nuclei, rare mitotic figures.

How does Struma Ovarii Teratomas Present?

Patients with struma ovarii teratomas typically females between 40-60 years age. The symptoms, features, and clinical findings associated with struma ovarii teratomas include: pain and/or a pelvic mass and less frequently with ascites, hyperthyroidism, absence of thyroid gland enlargement, an elevated thyroglobulin level. 

How is Struma Ovarii Teratomas Diagnosed?

Struma ovarii teratomas is diagnosed by: thyroid function tests, ultrasound, CT scan.

How is Struma Ovarii Teratomas Treated?

Struma ovarii teratomas is treated by: surgery, laparoscopy, hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in post menopausal women. 

What is the Prognosis of Struma Ovarii Teratomas?

The prognosis of struma ovarii teratomas is excellent. The prognosis of malignant type disease is not well-characterized, given the rarity of this disease.