Thecomas are benign ovarian neoplasms composed only of theca cells and produce estrogen.

What is the Pathology of Thecomas?

The pathology of thecomas is:

-Etiology: The cause of thecomas is unknown.

-Genes involved: PTCH gene.

-Pathogenesis: The sequence of events that lead to thecomas.

-Morphology: The morphology associated with thecomas shows unilateral, solid, lobulated mass with cystic change and hemorrhage.

-Histology: The histology associated with thecomas shows ovoid to round nuclei, Indistinct cell membranes impart a syncytial appearance.

How does Thecomas Present?

Patients with thecomas typically in females with age ranges from 16 to 81 years. The symptoms, features, and clinical findings associated with thecomas include postmenopausal bleeding, pelvic pain and pressure, abdominal bloating, non-specific abdominal discomfort and abdominal pain.

How is Thecomas Diagnosed?

Thecomas is diagnosed by biopsy, histologic examination, serum levels of inhibin A and inhibin B, sonography, MRI, CT scan, PET scan. 

How is Thecomas Treated?

Thecomas is treated by oophorectomy for fertility sparing, total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in post-menopausal women.

What is the Prognosis of Thecomas?

The prognosis of thecomas is good but the prognosis of malignant thecomas is poor, postoperative systemic chemotherapy or radiotherapy to the patients with malignant thecomas can improve their survival.