Vocal cord nodules are confined, benign, shallow growths on the median surface to the vocal folds believed to originate from phonotrauma. Vocal cord nodules are also called reactive polyps, vocal cord polyps, and singers’ nodules. 

What is the Pathology of Vocal Cord Nodules?

The pathology of vocal cord nodules is:

-Etiology: The cause of vocal cord nodules is believed to be vocal trauma.

-Genes involved: Unknown.

-Pathogenesis: The sequence of events that lead to vocal cord nodules: imperfect dorsal vocal fold adduction, muscular exhaustion, and subsequent hypotonia augment curving. Augmented subglottal pressure by a reduction in active stress forces between the adjacent vocalis masses causes a localized impact.

-Histology: The histology associated with vocal cord nodules shows a condensed basement membrane zone and also a dense fibronectin arrangement to the superficial lamina propria.

How do Vocal Cord Nodules Present? 

Patients with vocal cord nodules typically advanced in females than males present at age range of below 19years, they are likely to misuse and abuse voice. The symptoms, features, and clinical findings associated with vocal cord nodules include general and tenacious hoarseness, alteration in voice eminence, and augmented effort in constructing the voice, bilateral or unilateral lesions and polyps.

How are Vocal Cord Nodules Diagnosed? 

Vocal cord nodules are diagnosed through high-resolution ultrasonography.

How are Vocal Cord Nodules Treated? 

Vocal cord nodules treated through medical care steroid injection, submucosal triamcinolone acetonide injections. |Surgical intervention, phonosurgical methods to remove benign lesions. Others include vocal hydration, hygiene, and evading vocal abuse and misuse.

What is the Prognosis of Vocal Cord Nodules?

The prognosis of vocal cord nodules is good with appropriate treatment.