What is a Hematoma?

Hematoma
Compressive spinal cord injury caused distal hematoma far away from the lesion site. (A) A segment of rat spinal cord taken out immediately after compression. Aster shows the compressive point, and the arrow shows the distal hematoma which could be seen grossly. (B-D) H-E staining of the spinal cord sections indicated blood in the compressive lesion center and far-away hematoma which forms spindle-shaped foci at 6 h, 3 days, and 14 d post injury, respectively. (E-G) Higher magnification of the boxes in the pictures above accordingly. Note that cavity formed from the hematoma at 14 days post injury. Bar = 1 mm (A-D), 200 μm (E-G). Different TLR4 expression and microglia/macrophage activation induced by hemorrhage in the rat spinal cord after compressive injury. Zhang YK, Liu JT, Peng ZW, Fan H, Yao AH, Cheng P, Liu L, Ju G, Kuang F - Journal of neuroinflammation (2013). Not Altered. CC.

A hematoma is a collection of blood outside of blood vessels.

What is the Pathology of Hematomas?

The pathology of hematoma is:

-Etiology: The cause of hematoma is typically trauma.

-Pathogenesis: The sequence of events that lead to hematoma is an injury to the wall of a blood vessel.

-Morphology: The morphology associated with hematoma shows a collection of extravasated blood that may clot.

How do Hematomas Present?

Patients with hematoma typically are males present in the age range of older years. The symptoms, features, and clinical findings associated with hematoma include bruises, swelling, and redness.

  • Subdural hematoma symptoms: Headache, neurologic symptoms, confusion, seizure, slurred speech.
  • Epidural hematoma symptoms: Back pain, weakness, and loss of bowel or bladder control.
  • Subungual hematoma symptoms: Nail pain.
  • Splenic, hepatic, or peritoneal hematoma: Abdominal pain.

How are Hematomas Diagnosed?

Hematoma is diagnosed with a physical inspection along with a comprehensive medical history. Imaging may also be required.

How are Hematomas Treated?

Hematoma treatment is based on the type of hematoma that is present. 

What is the Prognosis of Hematomas?

The prognosis of hematoma is based on the type of hematoma that is present.

Tags:
Last updated on May 24, 2022