Neurofibroma are benign nerve sheath tumors of neural origin in the peripheral nervous system.

What is the Pathology of Neurofibroma? 

The pathology of Neurofibroma is: 

-Etiology: The cause of neurofibroma is not known.

-Genes involved: NF-1.

-Pathogenesis: The pathogenesis of neurofibroma includes biallelic inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene neurofibromatosis type 1 which is located on 17q11.2.

-Histology: The histology associated with neurofibromas shows proliferation of all elements of peripheral nerves. 

How does Neurofibroma Present? 

Patients with neurofibroma typically affect both males and females in the age range of 20-30 years. The symptoms, features, and clinical findings associated with neurofibroma include soft masses, transient itching, pain, numbness and tingling in the affected area, severe bleeding, physical disfiguration, cognitive disability, stinging, neurological deficits, changes in movement (clumsiness in the hands, trouble walking), bowel incontinence, scoliosis, UTI, urinary retention, urgency, frequency, urinary incontinence, hematuria, hydronephrosis, or pelvic mass.

How is Neurofibroma Diagnosed? 

Neurofibroma is diagnosed by immunohistochemistry, MRI, CT scan, and biopsy.

How is Neurofibroma Treated? 

Neurofibroma is treated predominantly by surgical resection. Adjunctive chemotherapy and medications such as ACE inhibitors may be required. 

What is the Prognosis of Neurofibroma? 

The prognosis of neurofibroma is generally excellent.