Anemia of folate deficiency is red cells anomaly resulting from deficit of folate also known as vitamin B9.

What is the Pathology of Anemia of Folate Deficiency?

The pathology of anemia of folate deficiency is:

-Etiology: The cause of anemia of folate deficiency is decreased intake, increased requirements, and impaired use of folate.

-Genes involved: None.

-Pathogenesis: The sequence of events that lead to anemia of folate deficiency is decreased folate intake either through nutritionally insufficient or diminish intestinal uptake, augmented folate requirement in conditions such as pregnancy and disseminated cancer. Impaired use of folate leads deficiency of folic acid necessary in the erythropoiesis process producing the features of megaloblastic anemia.

-Morphology: The morphology associated with anemia of folate deficiency shows megaloblastic red cells.

-Histology: The histology associated with anemia of folate deficiency shows enlarged RBCs and multi-lobated neutrophils.  

How does Anemia of Folate Deficiency Present? 

Patients with anemia of folate deficiency typically common in females than males present at an age range of 40 years. The symptoms, features, and clinical findings associated with anemia of folate deficiency include palpitations, lethargy, fatigue, feeling faint, pallor, weight loss, and headaches.

How is Anemia of Folate Deficiency Diagnosed? 

Anemia of folate deficiency is diagnosed through medical presentation, laboratory studies- reduced folate levels in the serum, and increased serum homocysteine levels.

How is Anemia of Folate Deficiency Treated? 

Anemia of folate deficiency is treated through folate therapy.

What is the Prognosis of Anemia of Folate Deficiency?

The prognosis of anemia of folate deficiency is good with the management of folic acid administration.