What is Hepatic Vein Thrombosis?

Hepatic Vein Thrombosis
(A) Inferior vena cava (IVC) angiography showed the bloodstream to be unobstructed. (B) Right hepatic vein (RHV) angiography performed through the jugular vein showed that the proximal end of the RHV was blocked, and a filling defect was generally observed in the distal end of the cavity. (C) A balloon with a diameter of 8 mm was used to dilate the proximal end of the RHV. (D) An indwelling catheter was inserted into the RHV to perform thrombolytic therapy. (E) Four days following the thrombolytic therapy, the thrombus in the RHV had predominantly dissolved, although the opening region remained narrow (indicated by the arrow). (F) Seven days following the thrombolytic therapy, a balloon with a diameter of 14 mm was used to dilate the proximal end of the RHV. (G) The thrombus in the RHV was completely dissolved and the bloodstream became unobstructed. (H) Angiography was performed six months subsequently, and restenosis was observed at the opening region of the RHV (indicated by the arrow). (I) Blood flow became unobstructed in the RHV following the second balloon dilation. Catheter-directed thrombolytic therapy combined with angioplasty for hepatic vein obstruction in Budd-Chiari syndrome complicated by thrombosis: Zhang Q, Xu H, Zu M, Gu Y, Wei N, Wang W, Gao Z, Shen B - Experimental and therapeutic medicine (2013). Not altered. CC.

Hepatic vein thrombosis is an obstruction in the hepatic veins of the liver. 

What is the Pathology of Hepatic Vein Thrombosis?

The pathology of hepatic vein thrombosis is:

-Etiology: The cause of hepatic vein thrombosis is blood clot/thrombosis.

-Genes involved: Potentially clotting abnormalities.

-Pathogenesis: The sequence of events that lead to hepatic vein thrombosis includes outflow obstruction, patients often have decreased portal perfusion with an eventual compensatory increase in arterial inflow.

-Histology: The histology associated with hepatic vein thrombosis shows severe centrilobular congestion/necrosis, progressing to centrilobular fibrosis.

How does Hepatic Vein Thrombosis Present?

Patients with hepatic vein thrombosis typically affect males present at the age range of 35-55. The symptoms, features, and clinical findings associated with hepatic vein thrombosis include the buildup of fluid in the abdomen, enlarged liver, nausea, and vomiting, vomiting blood, unexplained weight loss, enlarged spleen, swelling of lower limbs, abdominal pain, and jaundice.

How is Hepatic Vein Thrombosis Diagnosed?

Hepatic vein thrombosis is diagnosed using ultrasound, CT scan, or biopsy. 

How is Hepatic Vein Thrombosis Treated?

Hepatic vein thrombosis is treated with fibrinolytic drugs.

What is the Prognosis of Hepatic Vein Thrombosis?

The prognosis of hepatic vein thrombosis is good with the current 10-year survival rate to be 75%.

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Last updated on May 24, 2022