Hypopituitarism is a clinical condition characterized by a decrease in pituitary hormone secretion, resulting from disorders relating to the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, or surrounding structures.
Causes of hypopituitarism include:
- Apoplexy
- Empty sella syndrome
- Genetic defects
- Infections
- Inflammation
- Ischemic necrosis
- Mass lesions
- Radiation
- Rathke cleft cyst
- Surgery
- Trauma
- Tumors
How does Apoplexy Cause Hypopituitarism?
Apoplexy causes hypopituitarism by increased compression of the normal pituitary gland.
How does Empty Sella Syndrome Cause Hypopituitarism?
Empty sella syndrome causes hypopituitarism by the effect of arachnoid herniation into the sella turcica, flattening the pituitary gland against nearby bone.
How does Genetic Defects Cause Hypopituitarism?
Genetic defects causes hypopituitarism by initiating abnormal pituitary gland development resulting in insufficient functioning of the pituitary gland.
How do Infections Cause Hypopituitarism?
Infections may cause hypopituitarism by their spread to the brain, strategically placed tuberculoma, vasculitis, or exudates around the sellar region, interfering with the normal function of the pituitary gland.
How does Inflammation Cause Hypopituitarism?
Inflammation causes hypopituitarism by causing swelling and sometimes loss of function of the pituitary gland.
How does Ischemic Necrosis Cause Hypopituitarism?
Ischemic necrosis causes hypopituitarism by the destruction of pituitary tissues leading to its loss of functionality.
How do Mass Lesions Cause Hypopituitarism?
Mass Lesions causes hypopituitarism by compression of the gland, interfering with hypothalamus-thyroid- pituitary axis.
How does Radiation Cause Hypopituitarism?
Radiation causes hypopituitarism by causing irreversible and progressive injuries of the hypothalamic-pituitary area.
How does Rathke Cleft Cyst Cause Hypopituitarism?
Rathke cleft cyst causes hypopituitarism by causing compression of the pituitary interfering with its functions.
How does Surgery Cause Hypopituitarism?
Surgery causes hypopituitarism by removal of the tumor of the pituitary gland interfering with the normal function of the pituitary gland.
How does Trauma Cause Hypopituitarism?
Trauma may cause hypopituitarism by direct injury to the pituitary structures.
How do Tumors Cause Hypopituitarism?
Tumors may cause hypopituitarism by making the pituitary overproduce hormones, may compress the gland leading to little being produce causing hypopituitarism.
