Splenomegaly. Immunohistochemical staining of T, B lymphocytes and macrophages (MØs) in residual spleen , splenomegaly and normal spleen. (A). Identification of T lymphocytes in PALS of residual spleen. (B). T lymphocytes in PALS of splenomegaly. (C). T lymphocytes in PALS of normal spleen (A-C, immunohistochemistry for CD45RO, ×400 magnification. Bars, 50 μm). (D). B lymphocytes in the splenic corpuscle and red pulp of residual spleen. (E). B lymphocytes in the splenic corpuscle and red pulp of splenomegaly. (F). B lymphocytes in the splenic corpuscle and red pulp of normal spleen (D-F, immunohistochemistry for CD20, ×400 magnification. Bars, 50 μm). (G). Identification of MØs in splenic cords and sinuses wall of residual spleen. (H). MØs in splenic corpuscle and MZ of residual spleen. (I). MØs in splenic cords and sinuses wall of splenomegaly. (J). MØs in splenic corpuscle and MZ of splenomegaly. (K). MØs in splenic cords and sinuses wall of normal spleen. (L). MØs in splenic corpuscle and MZ of normal spleen (G-L, immunohistochemistry for CD68, ×400 magnification. Bars, 50 μm). Assessment of immune cells and function of the residual spleen after subtotal splenectomy due to splenomegaly in cirrhotic patients.
Chu HB, Zhang TG, Zhao JH, Jian FG, Xu YB, Wang T, Wang M, Tang JY, Sun HJ, Li K, Guo WJ, Zhu XJ - BMC immunology (2014). Not Altered. CC.
Splenomegaly is defined as the enlargement of the spleen measured by weight or size. A typically sized spleen measures up to 12 cm craniocaudal length. The typical length of spleens are 12 cm to 20 cm, anything above designates splenomegaly. The standard weight of the adult spleen is around 70 g to 200 g. A weight of 400 g and above designates splenomegaly.
Disorders associated with splenomegaly include:
- Infections
- Congestive states related to portal hypertension
- Lymphohematogenous disorders
- Inflammatory conditions
- Lysosomal storage diseases
- Glycogen storage diseases
- Amyloidosis
- Primary neoplasms
- Secondary neoplasms
