Testicular torsion is the winding of the spermatic cord that results in decreased venous drainage and arterial blood supply to the testis.

What is the Pathology of Testicular Torsion?

The pathology of testicular torsion is:

-Etiology: The cause of testicular torsion may include anatomic defects, or spinning of the spermatic cord. 

-Genes involved: None. 

-Pathogenesis: The sequence of events that lead to testicular torsioninvolves twisting of the spermatic cord. This may lead to ischemic fluctuations, swelling, infarction, and necrosis, or eventually gangrene. 

-Morphology: The morphology associated with testicular torsion shows ranges from strong congestion to extensive eructation of blood into the interstitial tissue of the epididymis and testis in general, and hemorrhagic infarction. 

-Histology: The histology associated with testicular torsion shows signs of ischemia and or necrosis. 

How does Testicular Torsion Present? 

Patients with testicular torsion are typically male present at an age range of 13-21 years old. The symptoms, features, and clinical findings associated with testicular torsion include painful urination, nausea and vomiting firm, non-tender testis in neonates, scrotal edema, testicular swelling, pain, and crotal discoloration. 

How is Testicular Torsion Diagnosed? 

Testicular torsion is diagnosed through examination, and doppler ultrasonography. 

How is Testicular Torsion Treated? 

Testicular torsion is treated by urgent manual detorsion or surgical methods. 

What is the Prognosis of Testicular Torsion?

The prognosis of testicular torsion is fair depending on the age and time-lapsed.