TRANSPLANT REJECTIONS

WHAT ARE TRANSPLANT REJECTIONS?

Transplant rejection is a process in which the transplanted tissue or organ is rejected by the immune system in the recipient. What is the Mechanism of Allograft Rejection? The recipient’s immune system recognizes two types of antigens on the transplant:…
BREAST PATHOLOGY

WHAT IS BREAST PATHOLOGY?

Breast pathology is disease or disorder of the breast. Breast pathology includes: Developmental disorders of the breastInflammatory disorders of the breastBenign epithelial lesions of the breastCarcinomas of the breastStromal tumors of the breast What are Developmental Disorders of the Breast?…
PATHOLOGY

WHAT IS PATHOLOGY?

Pathology is the study of disease. It involves understanding structural, functional, biochemical, and molecular alterations that occur in diseased states at the genetic, cellular, tissue, organ, and patient level. There are two major branches of pathology which are anatomic pathology…
DISEASES OF YOUNG CHILDREN

WHAT ARE DISEASES OF YOUNG CHILDREN?

Diseases of young children include any abnormal conditions that primarily affects infants and children, or those in the age span between fetus and adolescent. Examples of diseases of young children include: Congenital anomaliesPrematurity Fetal growth restrictionPerinatal infectionsFetal hydropsInborn errors of…
DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA

What is Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma?

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an infiltrative, expansile non-enhancing T2 hyper-intense lesion that involves the brainstem. Findings are nonspecific, but a diffuse midline glioma should be a primary consideration. Note that an inflammatory process cannot be absolutely excluded. What…
FEMALE GENITAL SYSTEM PATHOLOGY

WHAT IS FEMALE GENITAL SYSTEM PATHOLOGY?

Pathology of the female genital system is study of causes and effects of diseases related to the female reproductive system. What are Infections of the Female Genital System? Infections of the female genital system are the diseases caused by microbes…
THE CELL

WHAT IS THE CELL?

The cell is the smallest functional unit of life which live on its own and makes up all living organisms and tissues of the body. What is the Genome? The genome is an organism’s complete set of genetic instructions. Each…
GROWTH ADAPTATIONS

WHAT ARE GROWTH ADAPTATIONS?

Growth adaptations are cellular changes made in response to environmental stressors that disrupt homeostasis (the state of relative equilibrium maintained by living systems). Growth adaptations include hyperplasia, hypertrophy, atrophy, metaplasia, dysplasia, aplasia, and hypoplasia. If the cells are past their…
CELL DEATH

WHAT IS CELL DEATH?

Cell death is the event of a biological cell ceasing to carry out its functions and it occurs when cultures become overcrowded. Morphologically, cell death can be classified into four different forms: apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, and entosis. This may be…
WOUND HEALING

WHAT IS WOUND HEALING?

Wound healing is the process by which tissue injury is repaired. Wound healing involves regeneration and or connective tissue deposition. The wound healing process consists of four processes: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Cells involved with wound healing may…