Cretinism

What is Cretinism?

Cretinism is a clinical condition characterized by the absence of thyroid hormone secondary to abnormal thyroid gland developmental or biosynthesis disorders. Cretinism is also known as congenital hypothyroidism.  What is the Pathology of Cretinism?  What is the pathology of thyroid…
Hypothyroidism

What is Hypothyroidism?

Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is not able to produce enough thyroid hormone required for the body. Hypothyroidism may occur due to decreased thyroid hormone due to functional or structural issues. Hypothyroidism may also be due…
Secondary Hyperthyroidism

What is Secondary Hyperthyroidism?

Secondary Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland is stimulated by excessive thyroid-stimulating hormone. What is the Pathology of Secondary Hyperthyroidism?  The pathology of secondary hyperthyroidism typically involves high TSH, and/or abnormal. How does Secondary Hyperthyroidism Present?  Secondary hyperthyroidism typically presents…
Primary Hyperthyroidism

What is Primary Hyperthyroidism?

Primary hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland is the source of abnormal thyroid hormone production. What is the Pathology of Primary Hyperthyroidism? The pathology of primary hyperthyroidism typically involves low TSH, high free T4, normal TRH stimulation test. How does…
Thyrotoxicosis

What is Thyrotoxicosis?

Thyrotoxicosis is the clinical manifestation of excess thyroid hormone action at the tissue level due to inappropriately high circulating thyroid hormone concentrations. What is the Pathology of Thyrotoxicosis?  The pathology of thyrotoxicosis is mainly due to the release of preformed…
Hyperthyroidism

What is Hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism is a set of disorders that involve excess synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. Hyperthyroidism may be seen in conditions such as Graves disease, multinodular goiter, and thyroid adenoma. Examples of hyperthyroidism include:  ThyrotoxicosisPrimary hyperthyroidismSecondary…
THYROID GLAND PATHOLOGY

WHAT IS THYROID GLAND PATHOLOGY?

Thyroid gland pathology is the study of diseases related to the thyroid gland. Common thyroid issues include:  HyperthyroidismHypothyroidismThyroiditisGraves diseaseDiffuse goitersMultinodular goitersNeoplasms of the thyroid
Thymoma

What is a Thymoma?

Thymomas are neoplasms of the thymus of thymic epithelial origin. Thymomas may be benign or malignant.  What are the Types of Thymomas?  The specific types of thymomas include:  Type AAtypical AType ABType B1Type B2Type B3MNT Metaplastic Thymoma  Note that the letters…
Thymic Hyperplasia

What is Thymic Hyperplasia?

Thymic hyperplasia is increased thymic tissue.  What is the Pathology of Thymic Hyperplasia? The pathology of thymic hyperplasia is: -Etiology: The cause of thymic hyperplasia may be stress, medication use, endocrine disorders, or tumor.  -Pathogenesis: Increased thymic cells.   -Morphology: Increased…
Thymic Cysts

What are Thymic Cysts?

Thymic cysts are cysts that occur involving thymic tissue.   What is the Pathology of Thymic Cysts? The pathology of thymic cysts is: -Etiology: The cause of thymic cyst can be either acquired or congenital. -Morphology: Enlarged lump in neck or…