What are Nucleosomes?
Nucleosomes are sections of DNA wrapped around histone proteins.
What is Histone Phosphorylation?
Histone phosphorylation involves a phosphate group being attached to amino acids of histone, which confers negative charge to histones that results in more open chromatin conformation.
What is Histone Methylation?
Histone methylation is when methyl groups are transferred to amino acids of histone proteins, it can either increase or decrease transcription of genes, depending on which amino acids in the histones are methylated. Histone methylation typically results in decreased expression…
What is Histone Acetylation?
Histone acetylation involves lysine residues incorporating within the N-terminal tail protruding from the histone core, which results in acetylation. Histone acetylation reduces the electrostatic affinity between histone proteins and DNA, and thus promotes a chromatin structure that is more permissive…
What are Histone Modifying Factors?
Histone modifying factors are post translational modifications of histone proteins which include: Histone acetylationHistone methylationHistone phosphorylation
What are Histones?
Histones are the basic proteins associated with DNA which help the DNA to condense in chromatin. These are positively charged which attract the negatively charged DNA and help it to condense.
What is Epigenetics?
Epigenetics is the study of how cells control gene activity and changes in gene functions which are heritable but are not attributed to the changes in DNA sequences.
What are Copy Number Variations?
Copy number variations (CNVs) arise when the number of copies of a particular gene varies from one individual to the next.
What is the Genome?
The genome is an organism’s complete set of genetic instructions. Each genome contains all of the information needed to build that organism and allow it to grow and develop. There are ~3 billion DNA base pairs and 20 thousand protein-encoding…
What are Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms?
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) occur when a single nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide in a certain stretch of DNA which may lead to variations in amino acid sequences.