Hemostasis

Hemostasis Pathology Study Guide

Hemostasis The body's natural response to an injury that stops the bleeding and fixes the damage is known as hemostasis. Blood must be able to flow freely through blood vessels in order to reach tissues. Hemostasis, which involves the creation…
AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS

Autoimmune Disorders Pathology Study Guide

Autoimmune Disorders Characterized by tissue damage caused by the immune system. In the US, the prevalence of autoimmune disorders is 1%. Autoimmune disorders involve losing tolerance for oneself. Although self-reactive lymphocytes are regularly produced, they undergo apoptosis (negative selection) in…
Colonic Polyps

Neoplasia Pathology Study Guide

Neoplasia  Neoplasia means new growth. Neoplasia begins as a single mutated cell. Prior to the onset of the early clinical symptoms, there are about 30 cellular divisions of the neoplastic cell. Neoplasia is not reparative. Neoplasia is not hyperplasia. Neoplasia…
Cutaneous Wound Healing

Wound Healing Pathology Study Guide

Wound Healing When inflammation starts, the healing process is initiated.  Healing occurs as a result of: Regeneration of tissue with native tissue cells Repair of tissue with fibrous scar tissue Regeneration  Native tissue is used to replace damaged tissue. Based…
GROWTH ADAPTATIONS

Growth Adaptations Pathology Study Guide

Growth Adaptations An organ ideally exists in homeostasis with the physiologic stress that it is exposed to.   Changes in the amount of stress may result in growth adaptations. Changes in the stress may be: Increased stress Decreased stress Different…
Caseous Necrosis

Necrosis Pathology Study Guide

Necrosis Necrosis is the premature pathologic death of cells in living tissue. Acute inflammation can result in the death of a large group of cells which will cause necrosis. Necrosis is always pathologic. Necrosis is never physiologic. The patterns of…
Free Radicals

Free Radicals Pathology Study Guide

Free Radicals Free radicals are chemical compounds that have unpaired electrons in their outer shell. Free radicals can be made via physiologic processes (ATP production) or via pathologic processes. Physiologic free radical production Oxidative phosphorylation results in the physiologic generation…
Amyloidosis

Amyloidosis Pathology Study Guide

Amyloidosis Amyloid refers to various fibrous, extracellular, proteinaceous deposits. Amyloidosis is the abnormal buildup of amyloid in various tissues of the body. Types of amyloidosis include: AA amyloidosis Hereditary amyloidosis (familial amyloidosis) Wild-type amyloidosis Localized amyloidosis AL amyloid (immunoglobulin light…
Neutrophils Role In Acute Inflammation

Inflammation Pathology Study Guide

Inflammation Inflammation enables fluid, plasma proteins (such as complement), and inflammatory cells to leave blood arteries and reach the interstitial space. Inflammation is generally categorized as acute or chronic. Inflammation Acute Inflammation Acute inflammation is associated with neutrophils and edema.…
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)

Primary Immunodeficiency Pathology Study Guide

Primary Immunodeficiency Primary immune deficiency diseases (PIDDs) are uncommon immune system-damaging hereditary illnesses. Primary immune deficiency illnesses come in more than 200 different varieties.  A few examples of primary immunodeficiency includes: Congenital neutropenia syndrome Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) Autoimmune polyglandular…